Abstract
This work studies the feasibility of using backscatter-modulated tags to introduce false information into a signal received by a frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar. A proof-of-concept spoofing device was designed in the 24 GHz ISM band. The spoofing device was based on an amplifier connected between two antennas, and modulation was carried out by switching the amplifier bias. The use of an amplifier allowed us to increase the level of spoofing signal compared with other modulated backscattering methods. The simulated and experimental results show that our method has the ability to generate a pair of false targets at different ranges and velocities depending on the modulation frequency of the chosen tag, since sidebands appear due to this modulation. Countermeasures to detect the spoofing attack based on changes in the slope of the frequency sweep between frames are also proposed.
Highlights
Frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radars are widely used in shortrange applications as an alternative to pulsed radars
The data received were sampled at a rate of f s, and from (8), the 2D-FFT was performed to obtain the range–Doppler map. Parameters similar to those used by the radar during the experiments were chosen
A simple low-cost spoofing device operating at 24 GHz based on modulated backscatter was proposed
Summary
Frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radars are widely used in shortrange applications as an alternative to pulsed radars. Compared with continuous-wave (CW) radars, these radars allow a user to determine the distance. The range of applications for FMCW radars has increased significantly in recent years to different fields. Some of these applications include altimeters for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) [1] and aircrafts, drone detection, traffic radars, remote monitoring of human vital signs [2], accurate distance measurements [3], human activity classification [4], gesture recognition [5], and in-vehicle occupancy sensors [6]. One of the most significant applications is its use in the automotive field
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