Abstract
The formation and evolution of spontaneous S_ gratings in photosensitive waveguide AgCl-Ag films under the action of a laser beam are investigated experimentally and theoretically. It is found that in the cases of s and p polarizations of laser radiation these gratings differ significantly not only in the period but also in the structure and spatial and temporal stability. The different character of the gratings is explained in detail by the competition between the S_ gratings and other gratings evolving simultaneously in the film and the change in the scattering indicatrix in the case of p polarization as a result of intense evolution of degenerate C gratings. The regularity of S_ gratings on TM0 modes in the case of p polarization and large angles of incidence makes it possible to increase the accuracy of determining the refractive indices of substrates using AgCl films corresponding to the cutoff thicknesses of TM0 waveguide modes.
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