Abstract

Abstract Improvement in CD4 counts in children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been reported with some infections. We present an 11-year-old HIV-infected boy who developed acute myeloid leukemia that showed spontaneous remission along with improvement in CD4 counts with documented Demodex mite infestation. The child presented with fever without localization during course of illness, and developed crusted lesion at angle of mouth. Direct microscopy of skin biopsy revealed Demodex mite infestation. The child was continued on highly active antiretroviral treatment along with single dose of ivermectin and local application of permethrin. The crusted lesion improved within a weeks’ time. His CD4 counts improved from baseline of 534/μL to 1674/μL over a period of 4 weeks.

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