Spontaneous pneumomediastinum, Hamman syndrome: case report

Luilson Geraldo Coelho Júnior,Cristian Machado Haesbaert,Estevão Tavares De Figueiredo

doi:10.11606/issn.2176-7262.v49i6p574-577

Abstract

Pneumomediastinum is defined as free air or gas within the mediastinum, and in case of spontaneous pneumomediastinum there is no evidence of trauma, invasive procedures or previously diagnosed lung diseases. Spontaneous emphysema is a rare condition at urgent care centers. Hammam’s syndrome or spontaneous pneumomediastinum is more frequent in young adults. The more frequent symptoms are chest pain and dyspnea. Hammam’s sign, a pathognomonic sign of mediastinal emphysema, is a crunching, rasping sound, synchronous with heartbeat, heard over the precordium. Pneumomediastinum is diagnosed with the aid of chest X-rays and chest CT scans. It is usually a benign self-limited condition. Treatment is conservative and symptom alleviating. The purpose of this study was to describe a case of Hammam’s syndrome and the importance of clinical evaluation and early diagnosis of this disease

Highlights

Pneumomediastinum is defined as free air or gas within the mediastinum, and in case of spontaneous pneumomediastinum there is no evidence of trauma, invasive procedures or previously diagnosed lung diseases
O paciente apresentou acometimento de região cervical e tecidos faciais, o que ocorre em dois terços dos casos.[18]
O pneumomediastino é uma doença rara, com curso clínico favorável, evolução benigna e autolimitada; seu diagnóstico é de exclusão e nem sempre é feito corretamente, portanto, devemos nos atentar para sinais dessa patologia como o Sinal de Hamman, patognomônico de pneumomediastino espontâneo e as crepitações subcutâneas; além disso, é necessário associar à história clínica e ao exame físico, os exames de imagem, os quais estabelecem o diagnóstico

Summary

Introduction

Pneumomediastinum is defined as free air or gas within the mediastinum, and in case of spontaneous pneumomediastinum there is no evidence of trauma, invasive procedures or previously diagnosed lung diseases. Correspondência: Luilson Geraldo Coelho Júnior Curso de Medicina, Faculdade Atenas, Campus II Rua Euridamas Avelino de Barros, 60 - Lavrado 38600-000 - Paracatu - MG /

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