Abstract
It is by now clear that infrared sector of QED has an intriguingly complex structure. Based on earlier pioneering works on this subject, two of us recently proposed a simple modification of QED by constructing a generalization of the $U(1)$ charge group of QED to the "Sky" group incorporating the known spontaneous Lorentz violation due to infrared photons, but still compatible in particular with locality. There it was shown that the "Sky" group is generated by the algebra of angle dependent charges and a study of its superselection sectors has revealed a manifest description of spontaneous breaking of Lorentz symmetry. We further elaborate this approach here and investigate in some detail the properties of charged particles dressed by the infrared photons. We find that Lorentz violation due to soft photons may be manifestly codified in an angle dependent fermion mass modifying therefore the fermion dispersion relations. The fact that the masses of the charged particles are not Lorentz invariant affects their spin content too.Time dilation formulae for decays should also get corrections. We speculate that these effects could be measured possibly in muon decay experiments.
Highlights
In quantum field theory (QFT), observables are local and generate the algebra of local observables A
The group of automorphisms of A generated by conjugation using unitary elements of A is the group InnA of inner automorphisms
It can happen that a global symmetry transformation cannot be implemented by a unitary or antiunitary operator in the representation space H of A
Summary
In quantum field theory (QFT), observables are local and generate the algebra of local observables A. The group of automorphisms of A generated by conjugation using unitary elements of A is the group InnA of inner automorphisms. It can happen that a global symmetry transformation cannot be implemented by a unitary or antiunitary operator in the representation space H of A. If a symmetry changes φ∞, it changes the representation It changes 3 to the inequivalent representation 3 ̄ and ρ to the inequivalent representation ρ This anti-linear automorphism is spontaneously broken in the representation ρ. Its different values q go into the labels for the different irreducible representations of A They are similar to the Casimir operators of Lie algebras.
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