Spontaneous formation of spin lattices in semimagnetic exciton-polariton condensates

Abstract

An exciton-polariton microcavity that incorporates magnetic ions can exhibit a spontaneous self-trapping phenomenon which is an analog of the classical polaron effect. We investigate in detail the full model of a polariton condensate that includes pumping and losses, the spin degree of freedom, external magnetic field and energy relaxation. In the quasi-one-dimensional case, we show that the polaron effect can give rise to a spontaneous lattice of perfectly arranged polarization domains in an antiferromagnetic configuration. We find that partial polarization of the condensate at moderate magnetic field strengths facilitates the formation of such "polaron lattices", which are qualitatively different from self-trapped polarons that appear in a fully polarized condensate. Within the Bogoliubov-de Gennes approximation, we calculate the instability condition which marks the appearance of the patterns. Surprisingly, we find that the stability condition displays a discontinuity at the point of partial-full polarization threshold.