Abstract
Droplet sorting is crucial for biochemical applications involving biomedicine, chemical reactions, and material synthesis. Owing to its advantages of high precision and low sample consumption, electrical sorting technology has been widely used. Despite this, existing electrical controls rely heavily on high-voltage sources and pose the risk of cross-contamination. Consequently, we developed a self-powered, non-electrode contacted droplet-based microfluidic sorting technique, drawing inspiration from triboelectric nanogenerators. This methodology unveils an unforeseen phenomenon, wherein sliding droplets spontaneously steered on overlapping conductor area. Our investigation discerns that this droplet comportment emanates from the triboelectric charge heterogeneity of the substrate, evoking asymmetric drag and attraction forces that govern the directional steering of the droplets. Utilizing this principle, a spontaneous triboelectric induced droplet sorting method was constructed for the screening of various solutions and multi-channel sorting. This work not only introduces an innovative approach to microfluidic droplet sorting, but also augments the fundamental comprehension of droplet dynamics.
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