Abstract
The spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) can be found in up to 20% of patients who are admitted to hospital due to liver cirrhosis or ascites. Risk factors are, apart from the severity of the liver disease, gastrointestinal bleeding, low ascites protein as well as a previous episode of SBP. If these risk factors are present, antibacterial prophylaxis is indicated in order to avoid the development of SBP. Patients with SBP complain about little discomforts. The only symptom is often the impairment of liver function, rarely exist abdominal discomforts. Diagnosis is made by abdominal puncture. SBP is proven if more than 250 granulocytes per mm 3 ascites are present. Treatment includes instant administration of suitable intravenous antibiotics. If a severe liver insufficiency is present, high-dose human albumin should be given in addition.
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