Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate stress distribution in the implants/components and bone tissue for splinted and nonsplinted prostheses with different lengths of implants using three-dimensional finite element analysis. Six models from the posterior maxillary area were used in simulations. Each model simulated three Morse taper implants of 4.0 mm diameter with different lengths, which supported metal-ceramic crowns. An axial load of 400 N and an oblique load of 200 N were used as loading conditions. Splinted prostheses exhibited better stress distribution for the implants/components, whereas nonsplinted prostheses exhibited higher stress in the first molar under axial/oblique loading. Implant length did not influence stress distribution in the implants/components. In cortical bone tissue, splinted prostheses decreased the tensile stress in the first molar, whereas nonsplinted prostheses were subjected to higher tensile stress in the first molar; implant length had no influence on stress distribution. Within the limitations of this study, we conclude that splinted prostheses contributed to better stress distribution in the implant/abutment and cortical bone tissue; however, the reduction in the implant length did not influence the stress distribution.
Highlights
Dental implants are considered to be a predictable treatment option for rehabilitation of edentulous patients and have demonstrated high success rates, reestablishing masticatory function and aesthetics [1]
The available bone tissue present in this area is insufficient for the placement of longer implants [3]. Supplementary surgical procedures, such as maxillary sinus augmentation, have been suggested for placement of dental implants [4]. This surgery is associated with a higher risk for surgical complications, morbidity, and a higher cost of treatment [5]. erefore, short implants are considered to be a simple and effective rehabilitation alternative in cases of limited bone quantity in the maxillary posterior region [5]
The present study aimed at evaluating the stress distribution on implant/abutment and bone tissue in terms of splinted crowns with different lengths of Morse taper implants in fixed implant-supported prostheses. e null hypotheses were as follows: splinted and nonsplinted crowns have similar stress distribution on implant/abutments and bone tissue, and there are no differences in the stress distribution in terms of different lengths of Morse taper implants
Summary
Dental implants are considered to be a predictable treatment option for rehabilitation of edentulous patients and have demonstrated high success rates, reestablishing masticatory function and aesthetics [1]. The available bone tissue present in this area is insufficient for the placement of longer implants [3] In these cases, supplementary surgical procedures, such as maxillary sinus augmentation, have been suggested for placement of dental implants [4]. The present study aimed at evaluating the stress distribution on implant/abutment and bone tissue in terms of splinted crowns with different lengths of Morse taper implants in fixed implant-supported prostheses. E null hypotheses were as follows: splinted and nonsplinted crowns have similar stress distribution on implant/abutments and bone tissue, and there are no differences in the stress distribution in terms of different lengths of Morse taper implants. Symmetrical welds were considered for all contacts, except for the abutment/implant contact and interproximal crowns of nonsplinted models, for which symmetric contact was simulated. Von Mises analysis was used to assess the stress distribution in implant/abutment/crown, whereas the cortical bone tissue was evaluated using maximum principal stress and are distinguished between tensile stresses (positive values) and compressive stresses (negative values). e unit of measurement for both analyses in the present study was megapascals (MPa) [15, 16]
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