Abstract
To analyze the relationship between spiritual well-being, sociodemographic, economic, religious, and health variables and the quality of life of older adults undergoing hemodialysis. This was a cross-sectional and correlational study conducted with 169 older adults undergoing hemodialysis. The researchers conducted interviews to collect sociodemographic, economic, religious, and health data and applied the Spiritual Well-Being Scale (SWBS) and the WHO quality of life assessment (WHOQOL-BREF and WHOQOL-OLD). Most of the older adults attained a moderate level of total spiritual well-being (SWB). In terms of QOL, the psychological domain (66.8; sd=13.9) and social relationships domain (66.8; sd=15.1) presented the highest mean scores. The WHOQOL-BREF domains were positively correlated with the SWB scale, with statistical significance among all domains and subscales except the environmental domain. The QOL of older adults was associated with the construct of SWB, either positively or negatively. Analisar a relação entre o bem-estar espiritual, variáveis sociodemográficas, econômicas, religiosas e de saúde com a qualidade de vida de idosos em tratamento hemodialítico. Estudo transversal e correlacional feito com 169 idosos que realizavam hemodiálise. Foram realizadas entrevistas para caracterização sociodemográfica, econômica, religiosa e de saúde, além de aplicação da Escala de Bem-Estar Espiritual (EBE) e de Qualidade de vida (QV) (WHOQOL- bref e WHOQOL - Old). A maioria dos idosos possuía moderado bem-estar espiritual total (EBE). Com relação à QV, os domínios psicológico (66,8; dp=13,9) e relações sociais (66,8; dp=15,1) apresentaram os maiores escores médios. A correlação dos domínios do WHOQOL- bref com os escores da escala de EBE foi positiva, com significância estatística em todos os domínios e nas subescalas, exceto no domínio meio ambiente. A QV dos idosos está relacionada, seja de forma positiva ou negativa, com o constructo EBE.
Highlights
Since the most remote of times, spiritual and religious beliefs, practices, and experiences have represented one of the most prevalent and influential components of most societies[1]
One way to measure this construct is through the assessment of spiritual well-being (SWB), a dimension accessed through the perception of subjective well-being in terms of one’s beliefs, experienced through a sense of life purpose, which justifies committing to something in life[9]
Study protocol Interviews were conducted with the participating older adults, using questionnaires created by the researchers to gather sociodemographic, economic, religious, and health information; the Spiritual Well-Being Scale[9]; and WHOQOLBREF[21] and WHOQOL-obstructive lung disease (OLD) questionnaires[22], which were applied by trained interviewers
Summary
Since the most remote of times, spiritual and religious beliefs, practices, and experiences have represented one of the most prevalent and influential components of most societies[1]. The World Health Organization created the Quality of Life Group, which touches on the domains of spirituality/religion/ personal beliefs in its global instrument to assess quality of life (QOL)(6). One way to measure this construct is through the assessment of spiritual well-being (SWB), a dimension accessed through the perception of subjective well-being in terms of one’s beliefs, experienced through a sense of life purpose, which justifies committing to something in life[9]. It is one of the four dimensions of human health, along with the physical, psychological, and social aspects[10]. Considering the above, the researchers conducted this study to analyze the relationship between spiritual well-being, sociodemographic, economic, religious, and health variables, and the QOL of older adults undergoing hemodialysis in the municipality of Ribeirão Preto, in the state of São Paulo, Brazil
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