Abstract
The paper presents characteristics of practices in the humanities that can be manifested through specific forms of counseling, namely spiritual or pastoral counseling and philosophical counseling. Through the comparative analysis of the two practices, interdisciplinary links are identified, reflected at the conceptual and applied level, with both their similarities and differences being highlighted, in order to emphasize the originality and the capacity to adapt to the requirements of the field from which they come. The paper supports the new trend of involvement in communities of specific counseling practices by expanding their application potential from person to group and community, with the help of an adaptation process necessary to achieve the goal in order to bring the practice of counseling to as many persons and to community or society in general.
Highlights
The orientation towards various practices dedicated to counseling has a tendency to develop, manifested mainly in recent years, the option of resorting to such practices was known to humanity long ago, being applied in various forms in a restricted format
For the spiritual field, the practice was developed in the form of pastoral or spiritual counseling, and within philosophy, the practices were timid in the form of spiritual or contemplative exercises (Hadot 2015)
The influences of spirituality and religion on those involved in therapeutic processes were studied in a research that highlighted their important role in the practice of counseling, with the authors recommending taking over elements that can become complementary to any therapeutic intervention (Frunză et al 2019), a fact which we use to develop the topic, using a new point of view, by the interference of the spiritual counseling with philosophical practices
Summary
The orientation towards various practices dedicated to counseling has a tendency to develop, manifested mainly in recent years, the option of resorting to such practices was known to humanity long ago, being applied in various forms in a restricted format. The specialist offers individual philosophical counseling service to interested persons, can be a philosophical facilitator in events for groups of people, or can address organizations and entities in the community, through philosophical consulting and ethics applied to them. Despite these openings for large groups of beneficiaries, the promotion of practices derived from philosophy is still in its infancy, with the first such cabinet being founded in 1981 by the German philosopher Gerd Achenbach, who left the chair of philosophy and opened a philosophical practice office at Bergisch Gladbach in Germany (Hat,egan 2018b). The interpretation of the analysis results is concretized in conclusions and future study directions, with concrete proposals for the implementation of new practices adapted to the current requirements of the community, and in order to diversify and develop forms of practice through counseling and specialized consulting practices which can be offered to the persons and the communities
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