Abstract
Imaging dynamics at different temporal and spatial scales is essential for understanding the biological complexity of living organisms, disease state and progression. Optoacoustic imaging has been shown to offer exclusive applicability across multiple scales with excellent optical contrast and high resolution in deep-tissue observations. Yet, efficient visualization of multi-scale dynamics remained difficult with state-of-the-art systems due to inefficient trade-offs between image acquisition time and effective field of view. Herein, we introduce the spiral volumetric optoacoustic tomography technique that provides spectrally enriched high-resolution contrast across multiple spatiotemporal scales. In vivo experiments in mice demonstrate a wide range of dynamic imaging capabilities, from three-dimensional high-frame-rate visualization of moving organs and contrast agent kinetics in selected areas to whole-body longitudinal studies with unprecedented image quality. The newly introduced paradigm shift in imaging of multi-scale dynamics adds to the multifarious advantages provided by the optoacoustic technology for structural, functional and molecular imaging.
Highlights
Progress in life sciences is directly linked to the ability to noninvasively track dynamic functional and molecular events in the unperturbed environment of an intact living organism[1]
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is capable of imaging whole mammal organisms with high spatial resolution but its temporal resolution is limited so that real-time imaging is only possible in single two-dimensional slices over confined FOVs2
At the other end of the electromagnetic spectrum, optical imaging modalities suffer from intense light scattering and poor spatial resolution when applied to whole vertebrate organisms[3,4]
Summary
Progress in life sciences is directly linked to the ability to noninvasively track dynamic functional and molecular events in the unperturbed environment of an intact living organism[1]. In vivo imaging across multiple temporal scales is commonly associated with hard compromises between the achievable field of view (FOV), spatial resolution and overall image quality. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is capable of imaging whole mammal organisms with high spatial resolution but its temporal resolution is limited so that real-time imaging is only possible in single two-dimensional slices over confined FOVs2. A multi-modality approach has been traditionally employed to acquire information at multiple time scales by, for example, combining ultrasonography for fast dynamic imaging of specific areas with images of larger regions acquired by means of whole-body imaging modalities, such as MRI or computed tomography (CT)[5,6]. The fundamentally different contrast mechanisms, sensitivity and other imaging metrics associated with different modalities often hamper efficient combination of the information obtained at several spatiotemporal scales[7]
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