Abstract
We discuss the unconventional magnetic response and vortex states arising in noncentrosymmetric superconductors with chiral octahedral and tetrahedral ($O$ or $T$) symmetry. We microscopically derive Ginzburg-Landau free energy. It is shown that due to spin-orbit and Zeeman coupling magnetic response of the system can change very significantly with temperature. For sufficiently strong coupling this leads to a crossover from type-1 superconductivity at elevated temperature to vortex states at lower temperature. The external magnetic field decay in such superconductors does not have the simple exponential law. We show that in the London limit, magnetic field can be solved in terms of complex force-free fields $\vec{W}$, which are defined by $\nabla \times \vec{W} = \text{const} \vec{W}$. Using that we demonstrate that the magnetic field of a vortex decays in spirals. Because of such behavior of the magnetic field, the intervortex and vortex-boundary interaction becomes non-monotonic with multiple minima. This implies that vortices form bound states with other vortices, antivortices, and boundaries.
Highlights
Macroscopic magnetic and transport properties of superconductors have a significant degree of universality
The magnetic field behavior in the simplest case is described by the London equation [1,2,3]
The single length scale associated with magnetic field behavior enables the Ginzburg-Landau classification of superconductors [4] by a single parameter: the ratio of λ to the coherence length
Summary
Macroscopic magnetic and transport properties of superconductors have a significant degree of universality. The magnetic field behavior in the simplest case is described by the London equation [1,2,3] This dictates that an externally applied magnetic field B decays exponentially in the superconductor at the characteristic length scale called magnetic field penetration length λ. Ginzburg-Landau (GL) free-energy functionals describing these, so-called noncentrosymmetric, superconducting systems were demonstrated to feature various new terms [11]. These include contributions that are linear in the gradients of the superconducting order parameter and the magnetic field B. VIII we consider the problem of a vortex near a boundary of noncentrosymmetric superconductor and show that vortex forms bound states with it
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