Abstract
Atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction, polarized microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterise Bi 2Sr 2CaCu 2O y (Bi-2212) single crystals grown at the surface of KCl. The crystals growth were mainly controlled by a spiral growth mechanism. Morphologies of the growth spirals varied with growth conditions. Single, double and even multi-spirals with square and polygonized shapes were observed. (110) growth twins were found to co-exist with square shape single or multi-spirals and lead to the square shape growth spirals. The widths and heights of growth steps were determined to be 0.5–6 μm and 3–5 unit cells by AFM.
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