Abstract
Usually, the optimal spinning reserve is studied by considering the balance between the economy and reliability of a power system. However, the uncertainties from the errors of load and wind power output forecasting have seldom been considered. In this paper, the optimal spinning reserve capacity of a power grid considering the wind speed correlation is investigated by Nataf transformation. According to the cost–benefit analysis method, the objective function for describing the optimal spinning reserve capacity is established, which considers the power cost, reserve cost, and expected cost of power outages. The model was solved by the quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization (QPSO) algorithm, based on stochastic simulation. Furthermore, the impact of the related factors on the optimal spinning reserve capacity is analyzed by a test system. From the simulation results, the model and algorithm are proved to be feasible. The method provided in this paper offers a useful tool for the dispatcher when increasing wind energy is integrated into power systems.
Highlights
Wind power, which is a green, clean, and renewable energy source, has developed dramatically
Generation of the Random Numbers of Correlated Wind Speeds When cumulative distribution function (CDF) F(V) and correlation matrix ρ of correlated wind speeds are available, the random numbers of wind speeds can be generated by inverse Nataf transformation
This paper proposes an optimal model of spinning reserve capacity with wind speed correlation, in which the load forecast error, wind power output prediction error, and unit forced outage rate of the uncertainty factors are considered
Summary
Wind power, which is a green, clean, and renewable energy source, has developed dramatically. In [6], a model of the generation and optimal coordinating dispatch reserves is built, in which the constraint condition of the quantitative relation of the ratio between the system reserves and expected loss of load is considered Taking both system economy and reliability into consideration, Literature [7] propose a conditional value-at-risk-based optimal spinning reserve model and incorporate it into the generation scheduling model in wind power integrated systems, in order to minimize total generation cost. A stochastic spinning reserve capacity optimization model is set up, taking account into the wind speed correlation and some uncertain factors. (2) An optimal spinning reserve model is proposed, aiming at the minimum generator cost, spinning reserve cost, and expected outage cost, in which the other uncertain factors, such as the load forecast deviation, wind power output prediction error, and forced outage rate of the generator are all considered;.
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