Abstract
A one-dimensional Ising chain in which nearest neighbour (n.n.) and next nearest neighbour (n.n.n.) exchange interactions depend linearly on the distance between the spins is considered. The magnetic field and temperature dependence of the chain length is exactly calculated by use of a transfer matrix. It is shown that the chain length changes variously because of the competition among the n.n. and n.n.n. exchange interactions and the magnetic field. The zero-temperature phase diagram is also determined, which is composed of four spin states ↑, ↑↓, ↑↑↓ and ↑↑↓↓ (the smallest units of repetitions are shown). Dimerization and trimerization of the lattice are found in the ↑↑↓↓ and ↑↑↓ states respectively.
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