Abstract
Recent studies on supercapacitors have focused on the development of hierarchical nanostructured carbons by combining two-dimensional graphene and other conductive sp2 carbons, which differ in dimensionality, to improve their electrochemical performance. Herein, we report a strategy for synthesizing a hierarchical graphene-based carbon material, which we shall refer to as spine-like nanostructured carbon, from a one-dimensional graphitic carbon nanofiber by controlling the local graphene/graphitic structure via an expanding process and a co-solvent exfoliation method. Spine-like nanostructured carbon has a unique hierarchical structure of partially exfoliated graphitic blocks interconnected by thin graphene sheets in the same manner as in the case of ligaments. Owing to the exposed graphene layers and interconnected sp2 carbon structure, this hierarchical nanostructured carbon possesses a large, electrochemically accessible surface area with high electrical conductivity and exhibits high electrochemical performance.
Highlights
Recent studies on supercapacitors have focused on the development of hierarchical nanostructured carbons by combining two-dimensional graphene and other conductive sp[2] carbons, which differ in dimensionality, to improve their electrochemical performance
Recent studies have focused on the synthesis of hierarchical nanostructured carbons by combining two-dimensional graphene and other conductive sp[2] carbons, which differ in dimensionality, such as carbon black, fullerene, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and mesoporous carbon[14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26]
The expanded P-carbon nanofibers (CNFs) was partially exfoliated via the co-solvent exfoliation method and chemically reduced to form the spine-like nanostructured carbon
Summary
Recent studies on supercapacitors have focused on the development of hierarchical nanostructured carbons by combining two-dimensional graphene and other conductive sp[2] carbons, which differ in dimensionality, to improve their electrochemical performance. Recent studies have focused on the synthesis of hierarchical nanostructured carbons by combining two-dimensional graphene and other conductive sp[2] carbons, which differ in dimensionality, such as carbon black, fullerene, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and mesoporous carbon[14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26] Owing to their multidimensional structure and three-dimensional conductive networks, hierarchical nanostructured carbons possess large, electrochemically active, surface areas with efficient porous channels and high electrical conductivity, which facilitate fast ion diffusion/electron transfer and can enhance the electrochemical performance of a nanostructured electrode[14,15,16,17,18]. These strategies require additional processes for combining graphene with other carbon materials, and in some cases, contact resistance may occur at the interface between the different types of carbon material
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