Spinal cord swelling as a myelographic indicator of prognosis: a retrospective study in dogs with intervertebral disc disease and loss of deep pain perception.

Abstract

The association of myelographic spinal cord swelling with neurological outcome was examined in 46 dogs with intervertebral disc disease and absence of deep pain perception (DPP). Spinal cord swelling was measured by calculating a ratio of the length of the loss of the myelographic dye column to the length of the second lumbar vertebra (L2). A positive neurological outcome was defined as return of voluntary motor function. A cut-off value for swelling:L2 of 5.0 was established by the creation of a receiver operator characteristic curve. Using a swelling:L2 ratio of 5.0 as a cutoff for indication of neurological recovery yielded a sensitivity of 74% and a specificity of 61%. Overall neurological recovery rate was 43%. Dogs with spinal cord swelling:L2 ratios less than 5.0 had a recovery rate of 61%, whereas dogs with a ratio greater than or equal to 5.0 had a recovery rate of 26%. Evaluation of these data by chi square analysis confirmed that a ratio less than 5.0 was associated with a positive outcome, and a ratio greater than or equal to 5.0 was associated with a negative outcome, (P < .05). Although other factors, such as duration of neurological signs, affect neurological outcome in dogs with no DPP, evaluation of myelographic spinal cord swelling can assist in establishing a prognosis.