Abstract
Spina bifida is acongenital disorder with incomplete closure of the spinal columndue to abony vertebral defect. The term spina bifida literally means cleft spine and is used as ageneric term of spinal dysraphism (Greek: Raphe = seam). It is amidline defect that occurs duringthe embryonic period. The insufficient closure of one or more vertebral arches is the result of an incomplete junction of the neural tube. Depending on the extent of the neural tube defect, various types of spina bifida can be differentiated. Closed spinal dysraphisms, also known as spina bifida occulta, are solely characterized by abony defect of the vertebral arch, whereas, spina bifida cystica (synonym: open spina bifida or spina bifida aperta) can be distinguished by aprotruding cyst, containing either meninges or meninges in combination with spinal cord tissue and are defined as open spinal dysraphisms.
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