Abstract
We present X-ray photoelectron, Co {{L}_{{2,3}}} and O K X-ray absorption, as well as Co K{{beta }_{{1,3}}} X-ray emission spectroscopy results of studies of the spin states of trivalent cobalt ions in single-crystal cobaltite LaCoO3. We show that at room temperature, in the bulk of a LaCoO3 single crystal, Co3+ ions are in the low-spin state, while high-spin Co2+, high-spin Co3+, low-spin Co3+, and probably also intermediate-spin Co3+ ions are located on the surface.
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