Abstract
One of the most spectacular discoveries made in superfluid ^3He confined in a nanostructured material like aerogel or nafen was the observation of the destruction of the long-range orientational order by a weak random anisotropy. The quenched random anisotropy provided by the confining material strands produces several different glass states resolved in NMR experiments in the chiral superfluid ^3He-A and in the time-reversal-invariant polar phase. The smooth textures of spin and orbital order parameters in these glasses can be characterized in terms of the randomly distributed topological charges, which describe skyrmions, spin vortices and hopfions. In addition, in these skyrmion glasses the momentum-space topological invariants are randomly distributed in space. The Chern mosaic, Weyl glass, torsion glass and other exotic topological states are examples of close connections between the real-space and momentum-space topologies in superfluid ^3He phases in aerogel.
Highlights
The spin-triplet p-wave superfluid phases of liquid 3He [1] immersed in the aerogel matrix provide the arena for experimental and theoretical investigations of different types of spin and orbital orientational disorder, induced by the quenched orientational disorder of the aerogel strands
Journal of Low Temperature Physics (2019) 196:82–101 by a weak random anisotropy [4]—the so-called Larkin–Imry–Ma (LIM) effect [5–7]. This is the orbital glass state of the chiral superfluid 3HeA—the bulk 3D topological system with smooth disorder in the field of the orbital vectorl, which describes the orientation of the orbital magnetization of Cooper pairs in this chiral liquid
2.1 Skyrmionic Topology of 2D Glass. Both the equilibrium LIM glasses emerging in magnets with random anisotropy or with random field and the quasiequilibrium skyrmionic glasses can be described in terms of the skyrmionic topological invariants
Summary
The spin-triplet p-wave superfluid phases of liquid 3He [1] immersed in the aerogel matrix provide the arena for experimental and theoretical investigations of different types of spin and orbital orientational disorder, induced by the quenched orientational disorder of the aerogel strands. All these possibilities, in addition to the fully equilibrium LIM state, give rise to a zoo of quasiequilibrium glass states with different types of the pinned topological excitations. In addition to the fully equilibrium LIM state, give rise to a zoo of quasiequilibrium glass states with different types of the pinned topological excitations These states can be obtained using different protocols, see Fig. 2. The spin-vortex glass states are obtained by cooling from the normal liquid to the polar phase under strong magnetic perturbations This spin glass can be represented as a chaotic system of spin vortices pinned by the aerogel.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
