Abstract
We derive the modified Dirac equation for an electron subject to Standard-Model interaction with nuclear matter. Exact solutions to this equation and the electron energy spectrum in matter are obtained. This establishes rather a powerful method of studying different processes which are possible when electrons propagate in background matter. On this basis, we study in detail the spin light of the electron (SLE) in nuclear matter, a new type of electromagnetic radiation which can be emitted by electronsmoving in dense matter. It is expected that this introduced mechanism of electromagnetic radiation can have applications in astrophysics and cosmology (in particular, the SLE can be turned on when a relativistic electron penetrates into the dense matter of a neutron star). The developed theory of new mechanism of electromagnetic radiation by an electron in nuclear matter can be applied in a straightforward manner to the case of an electron propagating through a dense neutrino gas. The SLE in neutrino environment may take place during supernova explosions and gamma-ray bursts.
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