Abstract
Ultracold bosonic atoms trapped in a two-leg ladder pierced by a magnetic field provide a minimal and quasi-one-dimensional instance to study the interplay between orbital magnetism and interactions. Using time-dependent matrix-product-state simulations, we investigate the properties of the so-called ‘Meissner’ and ‘vortex’ phases which appear in such a system, focusing on the experimentally accessible observables. We discuss how to experimentally monitor the phase transition, and show that the response to the modulation of the density imbalance between the two legs of the ladder is qualitatively different in the two phases. We argue that this technique can be used as a tool for many-body spectroscopy, allowing us to quantitatively measure the spin gap in the Meissner phase. We finally discuss its experimental implementation.
Highlights
Orbital magnetism (OM) encompasses a host of phenomena that arise in the systems of charged particles subject to an applied magnetic field
To display a counter-example, we show an additional calculation where the perturbation leads to energy absorption irrespective of whether the system is in the M or V phase
We have investigated the properties of bosonic flux ladders from the dilute to the strongly correlated regime
Summary
Orbital magnetism (OM) encompasses a host of phenomena that arise in the systems of charged particles subject to an applied magnetic field. Because the Bohr–van Leeuwen theorem forbids its appearance in an ensemble of classical particles [1, 2], OM has been a trademark of quantum mechanics since its early days. In the case of electrons in solids, for instance, the OM effects include Landau diamagnetism [3] and the integer and fractional quantum Hall effects [4, 5]. Flux ladders (FLs) composed of two (or more) coupled one-dimensional subparts with a magnetic field perpendicular to the ladder plane are among the simplest setups in which OM can appear. Establishing the connection with two-dimensional physics for studying FLs is one of the major motivations of this research field
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