Abstract
Recently, interconnected nanowire networks have been found suitable as flexible macroscopic spin caloritronic devices. The 3D nanowire networks are fabricated by direct electrodeposition in track-etched polymer templates with crossed nano-channels. This technique allows the fabrication of crossed nanowires consisting of both homogeneous ferromagnetic metals and multilayer stack with successive layers of ferromagnetic and non-magnetic metals, with controlled morphology and material composition. The networks exhibit extremely high, magnetically modulated thermoelectric power factors. Moreover, large spin-dependent Seebeck coefficients were directly extracted from experimental measurements on multilayer nanowire networks. This work provides a simple and cost-effective way to fabricate large-scale flexible and shapeable thermoelectric devices exploiting the spin degree of freedom.
Highlights
Spin-dependent transport mechanisms are expected to play a crucial role in the development of generation of thermoelectric devices [1]
The resistivity at room temperature (RT) is given by ρRNTWs = ρRFMT + ρ0NWs, where ρRFMT is the resistivity of the ferromagnetic metal (FM) that composes the NWs at RT due to thermally excited scatterings and ρ0NWs is the residual resistivity of the NWs due to impurities along with surface scattering within the NW network and internal grain-boundary scattering
Flexible and planar interconnected nanowire networks allows for both p- and n-type thermoelectric modules with large room-temperature Seebeck coefficient and power factors
Summary
Spin-dependent transport mechanisms are expected to play a crucial role in the development of generation of thermoelectric devices [1]. Dimensions in magnetic nanostructures lead to major experimental issues such as insufficient power output capability and lack of reliable methods to obtain key spin caloritronic parameters, and have limited the application of spin caloritronic devices based on these effects [9,10] In this context, recently developed interconnected magnetic nanowire (NW) networks embedded within porous polymer films provide a simple and cost-effective pathway to fabricate flexible and shapeable, macroscopic-scale spintronic nanoarchitectures with advantageous thermoelectric properties. Interconnected networks made of multilayered NWs, with a succession of ferromagnetic metal (FM) and normal metal (NM) layers, allow for large magnetic control of thermoelectric transport and for the precise and direct extraction of spin-dependent Seebeck coefficients from experimental measurements Such NW-based spin caloritronics devices overcome the insufficient power generation capability inherent to the custom-patterned nanoscale magnetic structures reported previously and constitute promising candidates for heat management applications [13,14]
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