Abstract
We study all the possible spin asymmetries that can arise in back-to-back electron-jet production, ep → e + jet + X, as well as the associated jet fragmentation process, ep → e+jet(h)+X, in electron-proton collisions. We derive the factorization formalism for these spin asymmetries and perform the corresponding phenomenology for the kinematics relevant to the future electron ion collider. In the case of unpolarized electron-proton scattering, we also give predictions for azimuthal asymmetries for the HERA experiment. This demonstrates that electron-jet production is an outstanding process for probing unpolarized and polarized transverse momentum dependent parton distribution functions and fragmentation functions.
Highlights
Provide us with an insight into the hadronization process
We find that the distribution of hadrons in the jet in back-to-back electron-jet production is sensitive to all the leading-twist TMDPDFs and transverse-momentum-dependent fragmentation functions (TMDFFs), making this an extremely promising process to study all different flavors of standard2 TMDs found in the literature
We develop the theoretical framework by increasing the complexity of the final state observables: electron-jet production without observation of a hadron in the jet, unpolarized hadron in jet, and polarized hadron in jet
Summary
We study the back-to-back electron-jet production in e + p collisions. Drell-Yan process probes two TMDPDFs [57, 58], SIDIS is sensitive to a convolution of a TMDPDF and a TMDFF [47, 49], while e+e− → dihadrons probes two TMDFFs [59, 60]. Study electron-jet production with general polarizations, as a new example, we carry out a phenomenological study of transversal helicity TMDPDF, g1T. This TMDPDF describes longitudinally polarized quarks in a transversely polarized proton, often referred to as a “worm-gear” function or Kotzinian-Mulders [61, 62] function
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