Abstract
Two problems are treated under the assumption that the amplitude is given as a sum of permutations of terms related to definite orderings of the external particles. Firstly, it is shown that isospin invariance, absence of exotic states, duality and factorization force a decomposition of each permutation into an SU(3) factor times an SU(3) invariant function. The SU(3) factor is uniquely determined as 1 2 Tr (λ a 1 λ a 2 …λ a n ) . Secondly, if spin is introduced as proposed by Mandelstam, Bardakçi and Halpern, it is suggested that a modification of their spin factors transforms the ghost intermediate states into real particles. Thus, a dual model with SU(3) and spin is developed whose only ghosts come from the Beta function at daughter levels. Tachyons cannot appear in this model.
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