Spiders in Thailand (SIT) via spiderthailand.info: Thailand spider data retrieval system for geographical occurrence and photographic identification.

Abstract

High biodiversity in the tropics is good for ecosystem services; however, challenges in taxonomy and identification usually come from such high biodiversity. Spiders are no exception to the challenges. Identifying spiders in tropical places like Thailand is difficult and time consuming. To reduce the difficulty of identifying Thai spiders, a data retrieval system for geographical occurrence and photographic identification was conducted to deploy on an online platform, Spiders in Thailand (SIT) via the website "spiderthailand.info". This allows professional arachnologists and amateur spider lovers to visit and check the geographical distribution of Thai spiders and to quickly access pictures for comparative photographic identification. To facilitate Thai spider identification, there were two parts, the database and the website, which are connected to each other. Data of Thai spiders were extracted from the World Spider Catalog to build a database comprising geographical occurrence and pictures of spider species in Thailand. The database was then linked with the website to display data. The dataset of pictures and illustrations extracted from taxonomic literature of the World Spider Catalog were included in the database for connecting with the online platform, Spiders in Thailand (SIT) via the website "spiderthailand.info" which facilitated access to pictures and illustrations, expediting the identification of Thai spider specimens. Geographical occurrences of Thai spiders consisted of 1419 records belonging to 670 species of 228 genera and 50 families. Amongst those, 461 species from 133 genera of 41 families were distributed only in Thailand. Around Thailand, 756 geographical localities were reported for spider occurrences. From 76 provinces and one additional special administrative area (Bangkok), 58 provinces showed occurrence records of spiders and 18 provinces showed non-occurrence records. Those provinces of non-occurrence records of spiders were Amnat Charoen, Ang Thong, Bueng Kan, Chai Nat, Maha Sarakham, Mukdahan, Nakhon Phanom, Nong Bua Lam Phu, Nonthaburi, Phayao, Phichit, Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya, Samut Prakan, Samut Sakhon, Si Sa Ket, Sing Buri, Uthai Thani and Yasothon. Most spiders were reported from Chiang Mai Province.