Sphingomyelins of Local Fat Depots and Blood Serum as Promising Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Diseases.

Abstract

The study analyzed samples of subcutaneous, epicardial, perivascular adipose tissue (SAT, EAT, PVAT, respectively) received from 30 patients with CAD and 30 patients with AVHD. Sphingomyelin spectrum of the blood serum was assessed using a high-resolution chromatography-mass spectrometric complex (liquid chromatograph of the Agilent 1200 series (Agilent Technologies, USA) with a maXis impact mass spectrometric detector (Bruker Daltonics, Germany)). Determination of the levels of sphingomyelins (SM) in adipose tissue samples was conducted by high performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometric detection in the mass/charge ratio range from 100 to 1700. Consistent sphingomyelin spectrum of local fat depots and blood serum was revealed in CAD and AVHD. However, the content of SM varied: in CAD, a specific enhancement of SM in epicardial adipose tissue was observed compared to subcutaneous and perivascular localization. In AVHD, PVAT was characterized by a statistically significant increase in the levels of all SM relative to EAT. Almost all measured SM types in the serum of patients with CAD were higher than the levels in the AVHD group. Established associations of indicators of the sphingomyelin profile of adipose tissue and blood serum with clinical and instrumental indicators in CVD indicate the relationship between the metabolism of SM in adipose tissue of cardiac localization and disorders of systolic and diastolic function of the LV in patients with CVD, multivessel coronary disease in CAD and allow the use of SM as promising biomarkers of CVD. However, further research is needed to clarify the nature of these relationships.