Sphingobium algorifonticola sp. nov., isolated from a cold spring.

Abstract

Strain TLA-22T, isolated from a cold spring in Taiwan, was characterized using a polyphasic taxonomy approach. Cells were Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, poly-β-hydroxybutyrate-accumulating, motile by means of a single polar flagellum, rod-shaped and formed bright yellow colonies. Optimal growth occurred at 20-25 °C, pH 6-6.5, and in the presence of 0.5 % NaCl. The major fatty acids of TLA-22T were C18 : 1 ω7 c and C17 : 1ω6c. The predominant hydroxy fatty acids were C15 : 0 2-OH and C14 : 0 2-OH. The polar lipid profile consisted of a mixture of phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidyldimethylethanolamine, sphingoglycolipid, an unidentified aminophospholipid, an unidentified phospholipid and three unidentified lipids. TLA-22T contained spermidine as the major polyamine and putrescine as the minor component. The only isoprenoid quinone was Q-10. The genomic DNA G+C content of TLA-22T was 63.2 mol%. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences and coding sequences of 92 protein clusters indicated that TLA-22T was a mem,ber of a phylogenetic lineage including members of the genus Sphingobium. TLA-22T was most closely related to Sphingobium aromaticiconvertens RW16T, with a 97.4 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. TLA-22T showed 74.8-75.7 % average nucleotide identity and 20.1-22.0 % digital DNA-DNA hybridization identity with the strains of other species of the genus Sphingobium. On the basis of phenotypic and genotypic properties and phylogenetic inference, strain TLA-22T should be classified as representing a novel species of the genus Sphingobium, for which the name Sphingobium algorifonticola sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is TLA-22T (=BCRC 81097T =LMG 30309T=KCTC 62189T).