Abstract
The well-known assumption of horizontal plane wave propagation is investigated and evidence suggests that elevation plays a crucial role in defining the spatial correlation between signals on adjacent antenna array elements. To augment previously published studies, an explicit relationship between the distribution of scatterers in three-dimensional (3D) space and the spatial correlation is formulated. A novel approach is taken for modeling of the distribution of scatterers in space. More specifically, the distribution of scatterers is modeled by the 3D von Mises-Fisher (vMF) distribution. In addition, a closed-form expression is derived for the harmonic coefficients of the vMF density. The main derivation expresses the spherical harmonic coefficients associated with an arbitrary mean direction on the sphere. Further, a closed-form expression for the spatial correlation function (SCF) is derived, based on the spherical harmonic expansion (SHE) of plane waves as well as the harmonic coefficients of the expanded vMF density. A novel approach is proposed for including the effect of directional antenna responses in the SCF. Finally, the SCF is evaluated under the existence of multiple scatterer clusters in the channel.
Highlights
Multielement antenna systems have been the centre of wireless communication research over the past decade due to the significant increase in capacity that they offer
A drawback associated with distributions that are defined on the line (e.g., Gaussian) is that the summary statistics are calculated in such a way that the directionality of the variables is not taken into consideration
The aim of this section is threefold: firstly, to identify the effect of elevation on the von Mises-Fisher (vMF) spatial correlation function (SCF) proposed in (13) (Section 3.3.1); secondly, to examine the effect of the azimuth of arrival of propagating waves on the SCF (Section 3.3.2); to investigate the influence of the concentration parameter κ on the vMF correlation function (Section 3.3.3)
Summary
Multielement antenna systems have been the centre of wireless communication research over the past decade due to the significant increase in capacity that they offer. Some studies in the literature assume that the signals received at adjacent antenna elements are uncorrelated This may be considered an oversimplification of the challenges encountered in a wireless propagation channel. Occassionally elevation is ignored, and the effect of spatial correlation on the systems performance can be misleading, especially in urban clutter types. Various spatial correlation models have been proposed, where elevation is ignored and the distribution of scatterers or equivalently the angle of arrival (AoA) of paths at the mobile station (MS) (or even base station (BS)) is modeled as a two-dimensional (2D) uniform, Gaussian, von Mises, or Laplacian [1,2,3,4,5] distribution. A drawback associated with distributions that are defined on the line (e.g., Gaussian) is that the summary statistics are calculated in such a way that the directionality of the variables is not taken into consideration
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callMore From: EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking
Disclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
