Abstract

The time-of-flight characteristics of a spherical-mirror electrostatic energy analyzer of charged particle fluxes are investigated under conditions of ideal solid-angle focusing for a point source located on the symmetry axis of the spectrometer. It is shown that the time it takes a particle to move from the source to the ideal focus, also located on the symmetry axis, is, to first order, independent of particle direction for directions near the normal to the axis. This time-of-flight focusing realized in this way enables efficient use of the spherical-mirror analyzer in electron spectroscopy methods in which each emission event is registered separately.

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