Abstract
γδ T cells mediate cytotoxicity against prostate cancer (PCa) cells in vitro; however, the clinical efficacy of γδ T cell-targeted immunotherapy for recurrent and metastatic PCa is unsatisfactory. We hypothesized that the resistance of recurrent and metastatic PCa to γδ T cells is related to the presence of prostate cancer stem cells (PCSCs), and we examined their relationship. PCa spheres (prostaspheres) were generated from five PCa cell lines, and their susceptibility to cytotoxicity by γδ T cells was investigated. Expression of stemness-related markers was evaluated by qRT-PCR. Prostasphere-derived cancer cells were resistant to lysis by γδ T cells and expressed higher levels of several stemness markers, including CD133, NANOG, SOX2, and OCT4, than the parental PCa cell lines. Ex vivo-expanded γδ T cells are not effective against PCSCs.
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