Abstract
At the present time, one of the most relevant challenges in marine and ocean engineering and practice is the development of a mathematical modeling that can accurately replicate the interaction of water waves with porous coastal structures. Over the last 60 years, multiple techniques and solutions have been identified, from linearized solutions based on wave theories and constant friction coefficients to very sophisticated Eulerian or Lagrangian solvers of the Navier-Stokes (NS) equations. In order to explore the flow field interior and exterior of the porous media under different working conditions, the Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) numerical simulation method was used to simulate the flow distribution inside and outside a porous media applied to interact with the wave propagation. The flow behavior is described avoiding Euler’s description of the interface problem between the Euler mesh and the material selected. Considering the velocity boundary conditions and the cyclical circulation boundary conditions at the junction of the porous media and the water flow, the SPH numerical simulation is used to analyze the flow field characteristics, as well as the longitudinal and vertical velocity distribution of the back vortex flow field and the law of eddy current motion. This study provides innovative insights on the mathematical modelling of the interaction between porous structures and flow propagation. Furthermore, there is a good agreement (within 10%) between the numerical results and the experimental ones collected for scenarios with porosity of 0.349 and 0.475, demonstrating that SPH can simulate the flow patterns of the porous media, the flow through the inner and outer areas of the porous media, and the flow field of the back vortex region. Results obtained and the new mathematical approach used can help to effectively simulate with high-precision the changes along the water depth, for a better design of marine and ocean engineering solutions adopted to protect coastal areas.
Highlights
In ocean and water conservancy projects, pore structures are widely used, such as reservoir dams, artificial reefs, and breakwaters
Particle Hydrodynamics (ISPH) method to simulate the interaction between waves and porous media, and achieved interesting results on the analysis of flows and pore structures: through comparative analysis, the error obtained by Shao [11] was between 10% and 15%, which better reflects the accuracy of numerical simulations when the Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) is applied [8]
The hydrodynamics, the stability and performance of these structures are dependent on the characteristics of the waves and their interaction with permeable material and it is crucial to provide mathematical formulations to model these features and the role played by the porous material considering its geometry, its location, and its characteristics
Summary
In ocean and water conservancy projects, pore structures are widely used, such as reservoir dams, artificial reefs, and breakwaters. Under the open boundary conditions, researchers typically simulate the internal and external flow fields, effectively realizing the continuous process of particles motion [6]. By using these conditions the accuracy of the inlet and outlet flows is high, the interaction with the porous media is relatively complex and affected by lower accuracy. Particle Hydrodynamics (ISPH) method to simulate the interaction between waves and porous media, and achieved interesting results on the analysis of flows and pore structures: through comparative analysis, the error obtained by Shao [11] was between 10% and 15%, which better reflects the accuracy of numerical simulations when the SPH is applied [8].
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