Abstract
Proton exchange membrane is the key factor of vanadium redox flow battery (VRB) as their stability largely determine the lifetime of the VRB. In this study, a SPEEK/MWCNTs-OH composite membrane with ultrahigh stability is constructed by blending sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) with multi-walled carbon nanotubes toward VRB application. The carbon nanotubes disperse homogeneously in the SPEEK matrix with the assistance of hydroxyl group. The blended membrane exhibits 94.2 and 73.0% capacity retention after 100 and 500 cycles, respectively in a VRB single cell with coulombic efficiency of over 99.4% at 60 mA cm−2 indicating outstanding capability of reducing the permeability of vanadium ions and enhancing the transport of protons. The ultrahigh stability and low cost of the composite membrane make it a competent candidate for the next generation larger-scale vanadium redox flow battery.
Highlights
Vanadium redox flow battery (VRB) is one of the most promising large-scale energy storage technologies with the advantages of decoupled energy storage and power output, flexible design, long lifetime, and so on (Li et al, 2011; Skyllas-Kazaocs et al, 2011; Weber et al, 2011; Yang et al, 2011; Wang et al, 2013)
This can be attributed to the reinforcement from the carbon nanotubes, which are of high mechanical strength and behaves as strengthening component in the composite
The permeability of sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) membranes is highly suppressed by blending with the carbon nanotubes, which is even better than commercial Nafion 212
Summary
Vanadium redox flow battery (VRB) is one of the most promising large-scale energy storage technologies with the advantages of decoupled energy storage and power output, flexible design, long lifetime, and so on (Li et al, 2011; Skyllas-Kazaocs et al, 2011; Weber et al, 2011; Yang et al, 2011; Wang et al, 2013). A SPEEK/MWCNTs-OH composite membrane with ultrahigh stability is constructed by blending sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) with multi-walled carbon nanotubes toward VRB application. The blended membrane exhibits 94.2 and 73.0% capacity retention after 100 and 500 cycles, respectively in a VRB single cell with coulombic efficiency of over 99.4% at 60 mA cm−2 indicating outstanding capability of reducing the permeability of vanadium ions and enhancing the transport of protons.
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