Abstract
This paper deals with the speed synchronization control of integrated motor–transmission (IMT) powertrain systems in pure electric vehicles (EVs) over a controller area network (CAN) subject to both network-induced delays and network congestion. A CAN has advantages over point-to-point communication; however, it imposes network-induced delays and network congestion into the control system, which can deteriorate the shifting quality and make system integration difficult. This paper presents a co-design scheme combining active period scheduling and discrete-time slip mode control (SMC) to deal with both network-induced delays and network congestion of the CAN, which improves the speed synchronization control for high shifting quality and prevents network congestion for the system’s integration. The results of simulations and hardware-in-loop experiments show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme, which can ensure satisfactory speed synchronization performance while significantly reducing the network’s utilization.
Highlights
With increasing demands for energy optimization and environmental protection, more and more research efforts have been put into pure electric vehicles (EVs) because of their considerable advantages in terms of fuel substitution and zero emissions over traditional vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs)
Different from previous research, the contributions are as follows: (1) both the bandwidth constraint and network-induced delays caused by a controller area network (CAN) are considered in the speed synchronization control of the integrated motor–transmission (IMT) powertrain system, a scheduling-based communication scheme is presented, a new CAN-induced delay model is derived for control system design, and an equation on the network’s utilization is introduced for a network congestion analysis; (2) a co-design scheme combining active period scheduling and discrete-time slip mode control (SMC) is proposed to deal with both the network-induced delays and network congestion of a CAN, which can improve speed synchronization control for high shifting quality while reducing the network congestion for the system’s integration
None of them considers the IMT powertrain as a networked control system that is subject to both network-induced delays and network congestion
Summary
With increasing demands for energy optimization and environmental protection, more and more research efforts have been put into pure electric vehicles (EVs) because of their considerable advantages in terms of fuel substitution and zero emissions over traditional vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). Various powertrain solutions for EVs have been studied and developed. Their structures can be classified into two categories: centralized motor-driven and distributed motor-driven [1,2,3]. According to the research [1,4], as a novel configuration, distributed motor-driven EVs have advantages in terms of vehicle motion control, energy optimization, and structural flexibility [4,5,6]. Centralized motor-driven EVs are still mainstream in the current market due to their better inheritance to conventional vehicles
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