Speed of processing training in middle-aged and older breast cancer survivors (SOAR): results of a randomized controlled pilot

Abstract

PurposeCognitive changes are common among breast cancer survivors. There is limited evidence to guide management of cognitive changes. This randomized controlled pilot evaluated the preliminary efficacy of a speed of processing (SOP) training among middle-aged and older breast cancer survivors.MethodsSixty breast cancer survivors with self-reported cognitive changes were recruited to the SOAR study. Participants were randomized to either a home-based SOP training (n = 30) or no-contact control group (n = 30). Primary outcomes were SOP (Useful Field of View Test®), and executive function (NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery). Neuropsychological assessments were completed at baseline, 6 weeks, and 6 months post study entry. Data were analyzed using repeated measures t tests, analysis of covariance, and sensitivity analyses.ResultsSOP training resulted in improvement in objective measures of SOP and executive function. Immediate (6 week) posttest and 6-month follow-up demonstrated large SOP training effects over time. Large representation of African American women (51.2%) and 96% retention in the SOAR study add to study strengths.ConclusionHome-based SOP training shows promise for remediating cognitive changes following breast cancer treatment, particularly improved SOP, and executive function.