Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of speed-interactive pedaling training (SIPT) using a smartphone virtual reality application to improve lower limb motor function, trunk sitting balance, and gait in stroke patients. Forty-two patients who had previously experienced a stroke and could sit independently participated in the study. The subjects were assigned to the SIPT group (n = 21) and the control group (n = 21). The SIPT group had cycle training with SIPT for 40 min a day, five days a week, in a six-week period, in addition to conventional therapy. The control group had cycle training without SIPT and conventional therapy. The Fugl–Meyer Assessment, postural sway, modified functional reach test, trunk impairment scale, and spatiotemporal parameters of gait were used to assess the changes in lower extremity function, the static balance of sitting, the dynamic balance of sitting, and gait ability after the intervention. The Fugl–Meyer Assessment, postural sway, modified functional reach test, trunk impairment scale, and gait ability in the SIPT group were significantly better compared to that of the control group (p < 0.05). Based on this result, we propose that SIPT, which improves function, balance, and gait, could be used as an effective training method to improve patients’ functional activities in the clinical setting. The results of this study suggest that SIPT could be used as an effective training method to restore a patient’s function by improving trunk balance and motor function.
Highlights
Strokes are caused by cerebral hemorrhage or infarction, and damage to the cerebral cortex causes various complications such as cognitive, sensory, and motor disorders [1]
South Korea with the following characteristics: had chronic hemiplegia for six months or more due to stroke, able to sit for 30 min or more independently, able to walk more than 10 m using the assistive device, had the cognitive ability to participate in the study by understanding simple verbal instructions (Mini-Mental State Examination Score > 24), and had a Brunnstrom motion recovery stage of 4 or greater
A total of 42 subjects were included in the analysis, 21 of them in the speed-interactive pedaling training (SIPT) group, and 21 in the control group
Summary
Strokes are caused by cerebral hemorrhage or infarction, and damage to the cerebral cortex causes various complications such as cognitive, sensory, and motor disorders [1]. Hemiplegia is one of the main complications, and the asymmetry of both sides of the hemiplegic patient’s body leads to loss of function and difficulties in daily life. The main goal of rehabilitation in stroke patients is to improve the gait ability to be able to recover and move to the desired location [4]. Gait training is the primary method to improve walking ability, but stationary bicycles are used in preparatory stages or for patients who cannot apply gait training [5,6]. Biofeedback training, electromyogram feedback training, and virtual reality training were combined to improve the effects of bicycle exercise in stroke patients [5,6,10,11]
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