Abstract
In a low-visibility environment, the speed of traffic flow is more discrete on highways, which easily causes traffic accidents. To improve the safety and efficiency level of low-visibility zones on highways, a comprehensive optimization control method is proposed. The method uses formations of a low-visibility zone to queue discrete vehicles from the upstream intersection. Then, according to the relationship between the arrival time of the fleet and the phase state of the intersection, speed guidance and trajectory optimization are carried out to improve the traffic efficiency of the fleet that enters the low-visibility zone. Finally, a low-visibility zone of a highway segment is analysed with different traffic flows for the main road and the secondary roads, and the results show that the proposed optimization control method can prevent trajectory overlap and effectively decrease traffic delays on highways.
Highlights
Highways are an important intercity traffic link for the transportation of passengers and freight, and they have a remarkable distributed function. e composition of mixed categories of vehicles travelling on highways is complex, which causes a dispersed speed distribution of the vehicles.e visible distance can be reduced by fog and heavy precipitation, as well as wind-blown snow, dust, or smoke. e speed variance can increase
In a low-visibility environment where the visible distance is less than 200 m, a driver cannot effectively judge the running state of a preceding vehicle, which can affect the normal operation of the traffic flow [1]. e complex situation of low visibility and discrete speed reduces the level of highway traffic safety
Statistical data have shown that traffic accidents caused by severe weather, such as fog, account for 15%–25% of road traffic accidents; the death rate is up to 40% higher in a few frequently foggy highway segments [2]
Summary
Highways are an important intercity traffic link for the transportation of passengers and freight, and they have a remarkable distributed function. e composition of mixed categories of vehicles travelling on highways is complex, which causes a dispersed speed distribution of the vehicles. To improve traffic flow throughput and driving safety, Gong et al [23] applied a mathematical modelling method to study and control fleets mixed with human-driven vehicles and connected automatic vehicles in a dense fog environment on a highway. A low-visibility environmental highway segment crosses many secondary roads, with intersections controlled by traffic signals. E control processes in accordance with the functions of the three zones are discussed as follows: Step 1: in the guidance zone, the variable message sign issues the remaining waiting time of each lane and induces the arriving vehicle to select the formation lane with the shortest waiting time according to the signal phase state. E maximum formation time Rmax is set according to traffic flow and intersection parameters to ensure that the fleet is not overlong. Maximum Formation/Dissipation Time. e maximum formation time Rmax is set according to traffic flow and intersection parameters to ensure that the fleet is not overlong. e maximum dissipation time Gmax is set according to traffic flow
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