Abstract
Induction motor is a constant speed machine when operated from the mains. However it is necessary to vary the speed of the motor in some applications. The speed of a motor basically depends on the supply frequency and number of poles. While the frequency can easily be changed without changing the entire structure of the motor, the same cannot be said for the number of poles. This paper examines the use of cycloconverters to vary the speed of single phase induction motors. Cycloconverters work on changing the supply frequency to vary the speed of the motor. With the aid of three push buttons connected to the microcontroller and the program written on it, the speed of the motor was varied in three steps, at F, F/2 & F/3. The microcontroller sends the gating pulse through an optocoupler to trigger the thyristors in a dual bridge providing the alternating signal needed to drive the motor. As the frequency decreases, the speed of the motor also decreases. The cycloconverter was used on a single phase induction motor and the result shows that it can vary the speed of an induction motor.
Highlights
Single phase induction motors are widely used in many household and industrial equipment/machines [1]
The results showed that cycloconverters can be used to vary the speed of a single phase induction motor
It was used to control the speed of a single phase induction motor
Summary
Single phase induction motors are widely used in many household and industrial equipment/machines [1]. The difficulty in varying its speed using a cost effective means is one of its major drawbacks [5] To overcome these drawbacks different techniques have been developed. A cycloconverter was used to control the speed of a single phase induction motor. The results showed that cycloconverters can be used to vary the speed of a single phase induction motor. The simulated results showed that the speed of the induction motor can be reduced as the frequency of the supply is halved (F/2) and further reduced when it is divided by three (F/3). The results showed that the cycloconverter can be used to vary the speed of an induction motor [11]. A step down cycloconverter was developed to control the speed of an induction motor in three steps (at F, F/2 & F/3)
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