Abstract
Cognitive radio technology can effectively improve spectrum efficiency in wireless networks and is also applicable to vehicle small-cell networks. In this paper, we consider the problem of spectrum sharing among a vehicle primary user (V-PU) and multiple vehicle secondary users (V-SUs). This problem is modeled as a competition market, and the solution for V-SUs is designed using a non-cooperative game. A utility function that measures the profit of the V-PU considering quality of service (QoS) is proposed, aiming at maximizing the profit of the V-PU. Nash equilibrium is obtained as the best solution in our game. Then, the realistic vehicle-enabled cognitive small-cell network is considered in building the dynamic spectrum allocation problem. The V-SUs adjust their current strategies gradually and iteratively based on the observations on the strategies of the previous moment. This adjustment parameter is controlled by the frequency of adjustment. The stability analysis of the dynamic game is given out subsequently for dynamic spectrum allocation. The numerical results show the effectiveness of the proposed dynamic spectrum scheme for vehicle-enabled cognitive small-cell networks and Nash equilibrium point’s existence.
Highlights
With the growth of vehicles and vehicle service requests in the modern society, lack of spectrum resources is getting worse in vehicle radio cognitive small-cell networks [1]
Without loss of generality, we consider a vehicle-enabled cognitive small-cell networks consisting of one vehicle primary user (V-PU) and two vehicle secondary users (V-SUs)
For different transmission link qualities and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), the optimal response function for each V-SU is nonlinear function of another V-SU, and the intersections of two function curves are the Nash equilibrium points (Arrow position), which are affected by system parameters
Summary
With the growth of vehicles and vehicle service requests in the modern society, lack of spectrum resources is getting worse in vehicle radio cognitive small-cell networks [1]. Researching on spectrum allocation in vehicle-enabled cognitive radio small-cell networks is important. E problem of pricing and spectrum allocation for cognitive radio networks in dynamic game environments is proposed in [17], while the issue on equilibrium is ignored in a competitive environment. Few works consider spectrum resource price trading problem in dynamic mobile networks, such as vehicle-enabled cognitive radio small-cell networks. We adopt a game model to analyze this spectrum sharing problem in vehicle-enabled cognitive small-cell networks, where some primary vehicles are allocated with a licensed spectrum and unlicensed spectrum can be shared with the secondary vehicles.
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