Spectrum of skin diseases in Yemen (Hajjah and adjacent region).

Abstract

Epidemiological study of skin diseases from Yemen is not available, although some data has been published from nearby Arab countries. To determine the pattern of skin diseases in Yemen and particularly in Hajjah and nearby regions. This is a prospective study and analysis of the consecutive new patients attending the Dermatology Clinic of Saudi Hospital at Hajjah, Yemen, from January 1997 to December 1999. The majority of the patients were from Hajjah and nearby regions but a substantial number of patients came from different distant regions of Yemen. The diagnosis was mainly based on clinical features but supported by laboratory investigations, diagnostic procedures and histopathology when needed. The total number of new patients was 13,840 with 14,259 diseases, with a male to female ratio of 1:0.81. Ninety-nine percent of the patients were Yemeni nationals. The leading group of diseases was dermatitis and eczematous disorders, followed by infections and infestations (including cutaneous leishmaniasis and mycetoma), followed by acne and acneiform disorders. The spectrum of skin diseases in this analysis revealed that more than 50% of the diseases belonged to dermatitis and eczematous disorders and infectious diseases groups. Socioeconomic and environmental factors of the region are responsible for this. Implementation of public health programs, a proper health education, and inclusion of a suitable training program of dermatology in the undergraduate medical studies of this country may help to prevent and manage these problems rationally.