Spectrum of congenital heart disease at Sheri-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences

Aamir Rashid,Bashir Charoo,Gousia Mukhtar,Hilal Rather,Imran Hafiz,Nisar Tramboo,Syed Wajid Ali

doi:10.33883/jms.v22i3.451

Abstract

Background: Congenital Heart disease accounts for 10% of infant deaths in developed countries.Very scarce data exits about the prevalence and patterns of CHD in our local high altitude population .AIMS : To analyse the pattern and prevalence of congenital heart disease at a tertiary care cardiac centre in a high altitude region of Northern India. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Cardiology and Department of Pediatrics of our institute which is the only major referral centre of the region. Case records of 125142 patients (Age 0-16yrs) attending the hospital from November, 2013 to August , 2017 were analysed . Statistical package SPSS version 20.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Illinosis, USA) was used to carry out statistical analysis of data Results: 1596 out of the total of 125142 patients were found to have CHD giving a prevalence of 12.7 per 1000 population. About 1247 had acyanotic CHD (78.2%) of which most common was VSD (33%) followed by PDA ( 21.7%). Cyanotic heart diseases represented 21.8%(349 cases) of which TOF was most common ( 44%) followed by TGA (15%).Only three cases of a total of 53 cases of TGA were TGA IVS.DORV(8.8%) was third most common followed by Single ventricle(8.3%).Only 3 of a total of 349 cases of CCHD were HLHS. Conclusion: A prevalence of 12.7 per 1000 population is fairly high which could reflect the effect of high altitude on prevalence of CHD.Our study noted that the spectrum of CHD was mostly similar to the published literature . In addition, it draws attention to the almost negligible detection of critical congenital heart disease in the neonatal period.

Highlights

Congenital Heart Disease has been defined as a gross structural anomaly of the heart or intrathoracic great vessels that is or potentially of functional significance.[1]CHD is considered to be the most common congenital malformation which still accounts for 10% of infant deaths and nearly half of all deaths from congenital malformations in developed countries.[2,3]
Given the huge impact congenital heart diseases make on infant health, it should be a priority for research and that was the motivation behind conduct of this study.The major purpose of doing a prevalence study on CHD is to raise awareness of the major congenital heart defects that are frequently diagnosed after a considerable delay and of the rare defects that are usually underdiagnosed
Mukhtar G et al; Spectrum of Congenital Heart Disease at Sheri-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences region [7] but this is the first such study from the sole tertiary care cardiac centre of the region catering a population of over 70 lacs.This study aims at analyzing the pattern and prevalence of CHD in a territory care centerof high altitude valley of Northern India and is expected to answer whether high altitude has a significant effect on the spectrum of CHD.We aimed at knowing the spectrum of CHD in the genetic syndromes that we encountered and to highlight the importance of diagnosing certain rare diseases that are not usually suspected and often missed

Summary

Introduction

Congenital Heart Disease has been defined as a gross structural anomaly of the heart or intrathoracic great vessels that is or potentially of functional significance.[1]CHD is considered to be the most common congenital malformation which still accounts for 10% of infant deaths and nearly half of all deaths from congenital malformations in developed countries.[2,3] Situation in India is likely to be worse due to high birth rate.[4]Approximately 2,00,000 children are born with CHD each year with one third to one half requiring early intervention[5] of which only 3%-5% receive timely surgery.[6]Given the huge impact congenital heart diseases make on infant health, it should be a priority for research and that was the motivation behind conduct of this study.The major purpose of doing a prevalence study on CHD is to raise awareness of the major congenital heart defects that are frequently diagnosed after a considerable delay and of the rare defects that are usually underdiagnosed. Spectrum of congenital heart disease at Sheri-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences. Mukhtar G et al; Spectrum of Congenital Heart Disease at Sheri-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences region [7] but this is the first such study from the sole tertiary care cardiac centre of the region catering a population of over 70 lacs.This study aims at analyzing the pattern and prevalence of CHD in a territory care centerof high altitude valley of Northern India and is expected to answer whether high altitude has a significant effect on the spectrum of CHD.We aimed at knowing the spectrum of CHD in the genetic syndromes that we encountered and to highlight the importance of diagnosing certain rare diseases that are not usually suspected and often missed.

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion