Spectroscopic properties of Tm 3+:TeO 2–PbF 2 glasses

Abstract

We investigated the near-infrared luminescence characteristics as a function of glass composition and Tm 3+ ion concentration in a new type of Tm 3+-doped tellurite glass: (1− x)TeO 2–( x)PbF 2. In the experiments, absorption measurements were first performed to determine the spontaneous emission probabilities and the radiative lifetimes for the 4f–4f transitions of the Tm 3+ ions by using the Judd–Ofelt theory. Luminescence measurements show that with increasing thulium concentration, the strength of the 1470-nm band decreases with respect to that at 1800 nm due to cross relaxation. Emission cross sections were further determined as a function of host composition by using the luminescence data. For a fixed thulium concentration of 1 mol%, samples with x = 20 mol % had the highest emission cross sections at 1470 and 1800 nm. Finally, lifetime measurements showed that the luminescence quantum efficiencies of the 1470- and 1800-nm transitions were maximum for host compositions with x=20 and 22 mol%, respectively.