Spectroscopic Performance and Emission Analysis of Glycine max Biodiesel

Abstract

Biodiesel is an alternative, clean and green fuel because of its non-toxic, biodegradable properties. The rationale behind this research is to examine the efficiency of biodiesel extracted from Glycine max oil by means of the heterogeneous catalyst method. The biodiesel was blended with mineral diesel at different percentages (%), before being applied to test the engine performance as a source of fuel. Variations of carbon monoxide, brake thermal efficiency, hydrocarbon, exhaust gas temperature, brake specific fuel consumption, NOX and brake thermal efficiency versus load for fuels were performed. At lower load BSFC and BTE of biodiesel are almost similar to diesel. The emission of CO and HC reduce appreciably as a result of biodiesel. It was obtained that at full load condition, there was a 2.38%, 4.76%, 7.61% and 10% reduction in CO emission, with B5, B10, B15 and B20, respectively. The characterization was also done by using spectroscopy like UV–Vis and Fourier transform infrared. The characteristic of diesel and fatty acid profile was observed at 1745/cm, showing the existence of strong ester carbonyl bond (C=O) indicating the presence of fatty acid methyl ester or biodiesel in FTIR. The variable concentration of blending was established by UV–Vis absorption spectra. The linearity of absorbance declined and linear line fitted for absorbance versus the percentage of biodiesel at 320 nm showed a high coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.9651).