Spectrophotometric platform windows' exploitation for the green determination of Alcaftadine in presence of its oxidative degradation product

Abstract

This study presents the determination of Alcaftadine (ALF) in its oxidative degradation product presence by applying comprehensive study comparative of four different green stability indicating spectrophotometric approaches through successful exploitation of different spectrophotometric platform windows. Window I; based on absorption spectrum zero order data manipulation using the newly developed extended absorbance difference (EAD). Window II; based on derivative spectra by second order derivative (D2) data manipulation. Window III; based on ratio spectra applying constant multiplication (CM) and absorptivity centering via factorized ratio difference spectrum (ACT-FSRΔP) methods data manipulation. Finally, window IV; based on derivative of ratio spectrum by virtue of first derivative of ratio spectral (DD1) method data manipulation. Calibration curves construction were over linearity range; 1.0–14.0 µg/mL for ALF. The proposed methods accuracy, precision, and linearity range were determined and validated as per ICH guidelines. Moreover, they were able to analyze ALF in raw form, dosage form and in existence of its oxidative degradation product. Statistical comparisons were done between the proposed methods and the reported one showing no significant difference concerning accuracy and precision. Furthermore, greenness profile assessment was accomplished by means of four metric tools; namely: analytical greenness (AGREE), green analytical procedure index (GAPI), analytical eco-scale, and national environmental method index (NEMI).