Spectrophotometric determination of vanadium (V), (IV), and (III) with pyrogallol in a flow injection system

Abstract

The direct determination of vanadium (V), (IV), and (III) by the flow injection procedure is based on spectrophotometric measurements with pyrogallol at pH 6. The effects of important parameters such as reagent concentration, flow rate, and sample volume are reported. Beer's law is obeyed up to 10 μg ml −1 of vanadium. The limit of detection was obtained as 40 ng ml −1 of the vanadium. The relative standard deviation for the determination of 8 μg ml −1 of vanadiumis 0.7%. The average sampling rate is 60 samples/h. The validity of the method is shown by the accurate and precise analysis of different synthetic samples.