Spectral shaping of cascade emissions from multiplexed cold atomic ensembles

Abstract

We investigate the spectral properties of the biphoton state from the cascade emissions of cold atomic ensembles, which composes of a telecommunication photon (signal) followed by an infrared one (idler) via four-wave mixing.\ With adiabatic conditions for Gaussian driving pulses of width $\tau$, the spectrum of the biphoton state has the form of a Gaussian that conserves signal and idler photon energies within $\hbar/\tau$ modulated by a Lorentzian with a superradiant linewidth.\ Multiplexing the atomic ensembles with frequency-shifted cascade emissions, we may manipulate and shape the spectrum of the biphoton state.\ The entropy of entanglement is derived from Schmidt decomposition, which can be larger if we multiplex the atomic ensembles in a way that conserves signal and idler photon central energies.\ The eigenvalues in Schmidt bases are degenerate in pairs for symmetric spectral shaping in which the mode probability densities show interference patterns.\ We also demonstrate the excess entropy of entanglement that comes from continuous frequency space, which scales up the total entropy.\ The scheme of multiplexed cascade-emitted biphoton state provides multimode structures that are useful in long-distance quantum communication and multimode quantum information processing.