Abstract
This paper describes our recent results on light propagation in photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) partially infiltrated with W212 ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC) doped with 1–3 nm gold nanoparticles (NPs) with a concentration in the range of 0.1–0.5% wt. Based on our previous results devoted to PCFs infiltrated with nematic liquid crystals (NLCs) doped with gold NPs (GNPs), we extend our research line with FLCs doped with these NPs. To enhance the proper alignment of the NP-FLC nanocomposites inside PCFs, we applied an additional photo-aligning layer of SD-1 azo-dye material (DIC, Japan). Electro-optical response times and thermal tuning were studied in detail. We observed an improvement in response times for NP-FLC nanocomposites in comparison to the undoped FLC.
Highlights
Since the end of 20th century, photonic crystal fibers (PCF) [1] have gained an unceasing research interest, benefiting from their diversity of geometries where periodically arranged micro-channels (MCs) surrounding the core region present as a solid rod or an air hole
Some defects can be observed for the MC sample infiltrated with W212 ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC) doped with 0.5% wt
gold NPs (GNPs) dispersed in W212 FLC had an influence on spectrum shift effectivity
Summary
Since the end of 20th century, photonic crystal fibers (PCF) [1] have gained an unceasing research interest, benefiting from their diversity of geometries where periodically arranged micro-channels (MCs) surrounding the core region present as a solid rod or an air hole. The first guiding mechanism is caused by a higher core refractive index in comparison to the effective refractive index of the surrounding cladding region. This mechanism relies on the modified total internal reflection (mTIR) principle and is similar to that present in classical solid-core optical fibers. In the second guiding mechanism, based on the photonic bandgap effect (PBG), only selective wavelengths can be guided in the core region. This mechanism is observed when the core refractive index has a lower value than the effective refractive index of the cladding. The most suitable substances for this purpose are liquid crystals (LCs), which are characterized by high electric field sensitivity caused by dielectric anisotropy and temperature dependence, resulting in optical birefringence
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