Abstract
The X-ray imaging field is currently undergoing a period of rapid technological innovation in diagnostic imaging equipment. An important recent development is the advent of new X-ray detectors, i.e., photon-counting detectors (PCD), which have been introduced in recent clinical prototype systems, called PCD computed tomography (PCD-CT) or photon-counting CT (PCCT) or spectral photon-counting CT (SPCCT) systems. PCD allows a pixel up to 200 microns pixels at iso-center, which is much smaller than that can be obtained with conventional energy integrating detectors (EID). PCDs have also a higher dose efficiency than EID mainly because of electronic noise suppression. In addition, the energy-resolving capabilities of these detectors allow generating spectral basis imaging, such as the mono-energetic images or the water/iodine material images as well as the K-edge imaging of a contrast agent based on atoms of high atomic number. In recent years, studies have therefore been conducted to determine the potential of PCD-CT as an alternative to conventional CT for chest imaging.
Highlights
Chest imaging is constantly evolving, and the demand for diagnostic performance is growing in many areas, such as lung cancer, detection of pulmonary nodules, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, as well as evaluation and follow-up of interstitial lung diseases (ILD)
photon-counting detectors (PCD)-CT provides new diagnostic perspectives compared to the conventional energy integrated detectors (EID) found in current CT systems
Zhou et al [32] studied the impact of UHR mode for lung nodule volume evaluation and shape characterization using a Photon-counting detector computed tomography (PCD-CT) system
Summary
Chest imaging is constantly evolving, and the demand for diagnostic performance is growing in many areas, such as lung cancer, detection of pulmonary nodules, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, as well as evaluation and follow-up of interstitial lung diseases (ILD). Contrary to energy integrated detectors (EID) found in current standard CT scanners, PCD are made of compounds, such as silicon, cadmium-telluride, or cadmium-zinc-telluride, to directly convert each X-ray photon into an electric pulse, allowing resolution of the energy of the photons. VVMMIIss ccaann bbee rreeccoonnssttrruucctteedd ffrroomm eeiitthheerr aaPPCCDDoorraaDDECCTTaaccqquuisisititioionn..AAttllooww eenneerrggiieess,, VVMMIIss aallllooww aa bboooosstt ooff tthhee pphhoottooeelleeccttrriicc eeffffeecctt ssuucchh aasstthheeiiooddiinneebboooossttiinntthhee pprreesseenncceeooffaanniiooddiinnaatteeddccoonnttrraassttaaggeenntt. [fi3l0t]erde(Qm6o5n)stwraithedainlimpaitteiednfitseltdh-eovf-avliueewo(fFuOsVin)gPaC1D0-2C4T msaytsrtiexmw,iitnh caohmigpha-rfirseoqnuwenicthy afil5t1e2r (aQn6d51)0w24ithmaatlrimixiatenddfsietaldn-doafr-vdiedweta(FilOedVfi) lPteCrD(B-C4T6)swysit-h tem, in comparison with a 512 and 1024 matrix and standard detailed filter (B46) with PCD-CT and ID-CT These reconstruction parameters were used to convey the high spa-. ECttloersed-ueppivctiieownsaonndthaeglereftapteurlmnuomnabreyrhoilfusmmfaollunstdruacgtureraetser(borvoenrcahlliaiml wagaell,quvaelsisteylsa;swwheiltle aasrbroetwtesr).depiction and a greater number of small structures (bronchial wall, vessels; white arrows) Taken together, these studies show the potential for more accurate parenchyma evaluation in vitro as well as in human volunteers and patients with the UHR mode of the PCD-CT technology that requires confirmation in a prospective clinical study
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