Abstract
Materials and methods. 18 native humic acids (HAs) were received from nine representative types of peat of the Tomsk region. Two extraction methods were used: sodium hydroxide and sodium pyrophosphate. Molecular structure parameters were investigated by IR-spectroscopy. The assessement of qualitative and quantitative features of the IR-spectra of 18 different humic acids was made. When HAs with mouse macrophages were cultured their ability to influence the NO-stimulation was determined. Thus, the biological activity of HAs and its dependence on the parameters of the molecular structure were studied. Results. The results of infrared spectroscopy showed that the HAs of upland types of peat contain more carbonyl, carboxyl, and ester groups, and HAs of lowland types of peat contain more aromatic carbon, phenolic and alcoholic hydroxyl, ether and carbohydrate fragments. The results of biological activity showed that HAs from upland types of peat induce the formation of nitrogen oxide, wherein the cell activation decreases with HAs obtained by alkali. All types of HAs from lowland types of peat contain an admixture of endotoxin. Some HAs obtained by sodium pyrophosphate have higher immunotropic activity; the HAs can cause antigen-specific stimulation of cells. The activity of HAs does not depend on endotoxin admixture. The results of molecular spectroscopy showed that the most biologically active HAs have higher aromaticity and higher concentration of oxygen-containing functional groups. This result can be used as a marker factor in the standardization of HAs.
Highlights
The results of infrared spectroscopy showed that the humic acids (HAs) of upland types of peat contain more carbonyl, carboxyl, and ester groups, and HAs of lowland types of peat contain more aromatic carbon, phenolic and alcoholic hydroxyl, ether and carbohydrate fragments
The results of biological activity showed that HAs from upland types of peat induce the formation of nitrogen oxide, wherein the cell activation decreases with HAs obtained by alkali
All types of HAs from lowland types of peat contain an admixture of endotoxin
Summary
Для цитирования: Зыкова М.В., Трофимова Е.С., Кривощеков С.В., Лигачёва А.А., Данилец М.Г., Логвинова Л.А., Жолобова Г.А., Прищепова О.Ф., Юсубов М.С., Белоусов М.В. В работе использовали 18 различных ГК, полученных из девяти репрезентативных видов торфа из крупных торфяных месторождений Томской области. Молекулярные параметры структуры исследовали методом ИК-спектроскопии в таблетках с KBr. Биологическую активность ГК оценивали в культуре перитонеальных макрофагов, полученных из интактных мышей. Исследована NO-стимулирующая активность ГК при культивировании с макрофагами мышей во взаимосвязи с молекулярными параметрами их структуры. Что ГК верховых видов торфа характеризуются более высоким содержанием карбонильных, карбоксильных и сложноэфирных групп, а низинных – ароматического углерода, фенольных и спиртовых гидроксилов, простых эфирных и углеводных фрагментов. При этом ГК верховых видов торфа индуцируют активацию клеток путем усиления продукции NO, которая снижается при экстракции щелочью. Гуминовые кислоты низинных торфов независимо от способа выделения включают примесь липополисахарида (ЛПС). Ключевые слова: гуминовые кислоты, торф, молекулярная спектроскопия, макрофаги, оксид азота
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